1. What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet, which includes storage, processing power, and software applications. It allows users to access these resources on-demand without the need for physical infrastructure or local servers.

2. Key Characteristics of Cloud Computing

• On-Demand Self-Service: Users can autonomously provision resources and services as needed without human interaction with the service providers.
• Broad Network Access: Services are accessible via the internet through standard protocols and a variety of devices.
• Resource Pooling: Computing resources are pooled to serve multiple users, enabling efficient utilization and scalability.
• Rapid Elasticity: Resources can be quickly scaled up or down to meet changing demands.
• Measured Service: Cloud service usage is monitored, measured, and billed based on actual consumption, allowing for a pay-as-you-go model.

3. Cloud Deployment Models

• Public Cloud: Services are offered over a public network and available to anyone. Public cloud providers like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud Platform (GCP) offer scalable and flexible services at cost-effective rates.
• Private Cloud: Infrastructure is dedicated to a single organization, which can be located on-premises or off-premises. Private clouds offer enhanced control, customization, and privacy, but require significant upfront investment.
• Hybrid Cloud: Combines public and private cloud environments, enabling flexibility and data sharing between them. This model allows organizations to leverage the benefits of both environments.
• Community Cloud: Shared infrastructure among a specific community or group of organizations with common requirements, such as government agencies or research institutions. It provides a cost-effective solution while meeting the community’s specific needs.

4. Cloud Service Models

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, allowing users to control operating systems, storage, and networking components. Examples include AWS EC2, Azure Virtual Machines, and Google Compute Engine.
• Platform as a Service (PaaS): Offers a platform for developing, testing, and deploying applications without managing the underlying infrastructure. PaaS providers manage servers, storage, and networking, allowing developers to focus on application development. Examples include Heroku, Google App Engine, and AWS Elastic Beanstalk.
• Software as a Service (SaaS): Delivers software applications over the internet on a subscription basis, accessible via a web browser or APIs. The provider manages the infrastructure, application, and data. Examples include Salesforce, Microsoft Office 365, and Google Workspace.